Tumor Microenvironment-Specific Functional Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications

In recent years, considerable achievements have been made to motivate the construction of tumor microenvironment (TME)-specific functional nanomaterials, which can effectively respond to the inherent pathological and physicochemical conditions in diseased regions to improve the specificity of imaging and drug delivery. Until now, various nanoarchitectures have been designed to combat cancer effectively and specifically. This review summarizes the latest developments in TME-specific theranostic nanoplatforms based on multifunctional nanomaterials that hold potential for achieving the targeted recognition at tumor sites. Recent progress and achievements have also been summarized for nanosystems that can specifically respond to the TME with various stimulus-responsive strategies and their applications for drug delivery, diagnosis, treatment, and synergistic theranostics of cancer. This review emphasizes the significance of functional nanomaterials in response to tumor stimuli to enhance anticancer treatment efficiency and facilitate development in extensive research fields, including nanoscience, biomedicine, and clinical applications.

近年来，在肿瘤微环境（TME）特异性功能纳米材料的构建方面取得了相当大的成果，该材料可以有效响应病变区域固有的病理和理化条件，提高成像和药物递送的特异性。到目前为止，人们已经设计了各种纳米结构来有效且特异性地对抗癌症。本综述总结了基于多功能纳米材料的 TME 特异性治疗诊断纳米平台的最新进展，这些平台具有在肿瘤部位实现靶向识别的潜力。还总结了可以通过各种刺激响应策略特异性响应 TME 的纳米系统及其在癌症的药物输送、诊断、治疗和协同治疗诊断中的应用的最新进展和成就。本综述强调了功能性纳米材料在响应肿瘤刺激方面的重要性，以提高抗癌治疗效率并促进纳米科学、生物医学和临床应用等广泛研究领域的发展。