Microfluidics-Based Sensing of Biospecies

Over the past decades, microfluidic devices based on many advanced techniques have aroused widespread attention in the fields of chemical, biological, and analytical applications. Integration of microdevices with a variety of chip designs will facilitate promising functionality. Notably, the combination of microfluidics with functional nanomaterials may provide creative ideas to achieve rapid and sensitive detection of various biospecies. In this review, focused on the microfluids and microdevices in terms of their fabrication, integration, and functions, we summarize the up-to-date developments in microfluidics-based analysis of biospecies, where biomarkers, small molecules, cells, and pathogens as representative biospecies have been explored in-depth. The promising applications of microfluidic biosensors including clinical diagnosis, food safety control, and environmental monitoring are also discussed. This review aims to highlight the importance of microfluidics-based biosensors in achieving high throughput, highly sensitive, and low-cost analysis and to promote microfluidics toward a wider range of applications.

在过去的几十年里，基于许多先进技术的微流控装置引起了化学、生物和分析应用领域的广泛关注。微型设备与各种芯片设计的集成将促进有前途的功能。值得注意的是，微流控与功能纳米材料的结合可能为实现各种生物物种的快速、灵敏检测提供创造性的想法。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注微流体和微器件的制造、集成和功能，总结了基于微流体的生物物种分析的最新进展，其中生物标志物、小分子、细胞和病原体作为代表性生物物种进行了深入探索。还讨论了微流控生物传感器在临床诊断、食品安全控制和环境监测等方面的有前景的应用。本综述旨在强调基于微流控的生物传感器在实现高通量、高灵敏度和低成本分析方面的重要性，并推动微流控走向更广泛的应用。